Shozomatsu Wasan | by Shinran
Shinran Shonin (1173-1263) composed three volumes of verses (wasan) in Japanese, namely - Jōdo Wasan, Koso Wasan and Shozomatsu Wasan. These songs celebrate the essence of Jōdo Shinshū (Shin Buddhism or Pure Land Buddhism). They touch upon every facet of the spiritual life, and the most enduring elements of the Pure Land path.
This is the Third Volume of the inspiring and guiding verses of Master Shinran named - Shozomatsu Wasan. Here we find ourselves in the present situation of a Buddhist and simply - a human being: far from the influence of the Buddha, living in dark and confused times. Shozomatsu Wasan comprises the following 5 chapters:
Shozomatsu no Jōdo Wasan – Verses 1-59
Doubt – Verses 60-82
Shotoku Taishi – Verses 83-93
Lament – Verses 94-109
Zenkoji – Verses 110-116
1. Shozomatsu no Jōdo Wasan
Verses 1-59
Shozomatsu Wasan 1
In the second year of Kogen - the year of fire serpent - on the ninth day of the second month, during the hour of the tiger, I was told in a dream:
Have faith in the Primal Vow of Amida
Those who have faith in the Primal Vow
Will, through the benefit of being embraced and never
forsaken,
Attain the supreme enlightenment.
Shozomatsu Wasan 2
Tathagata Shakyamuni passed from the world
Now two thousand years ago, and more.
Two Dharma-ages - of the Right and the Semblance -
have come to an end;
So weep, disciples of the Tathagata!
Shozomatsu Wasan 3
For sentient beings of the Last Dharma Age with the five
defilements
Practice and enlightenment are now beyond reach;
And the teachings of Shakyamuni that had remained;
Have all passed into the Dragon Palace.
Shozomatsu Wasan 4
Throughout the three Dharma Ages - Right, Semblance,
and Last -
Amida's Primal Vow has spread.
In this world, at the end of the Semblance Dharma-age,
All goodness has entered the Dragon Palace.
Shozomatsu Wasan 5
The Daiju-kyo teaches that
In this age - the fifth five hundred years -
Because strifes and quarrels flourish,
The Pure Dharma was hidden and stilled.
Shozomatsu Wasan 6
When the tens of thousands of years' life span of sentient
beings,
Because of the gradual decay of their good karma,
Was shortened to twenty-thousand years,
The world was given the name 'evil world of five
defilements'.
Shozomatsu Wasan 7
In the course of the corrupted Kalpa,
The bodies of sentient beings grow smaller gradually;
As the wickedness of the five defilements prevails,
They become like poisonous snakes and spiteful dragons.
Shozomatsu Wasan 8
Ignorance and afflicting passions grow thick,
And abound everywhere like particles of dust.
Yearning and detesting, becoming at odds or in accord,
Rise up like mountain peaks and high ridges.
Shozomatsu Wasan 9
Sentient beings have false views that rage and spread
Like dense thickets and forests of thorns and brambles;
The slander the followers of the Nembutsu,
And fierce attacks and bitterness prevail everywhere.
Shozomatsu Wasan 10
Due to life-span degeneration with its untimely and
momentary life,
The two results - man and his surroundings - both come
to an end,
And turning away from the true and clinging to the twisted
prevails,
So that, senselessly, beings inflict harm upon each other.
Shozomatsu Wasan 11
Now is the Last Dharma-age, the fifth span of five
hundred years,
For all sentient beings in this world -
Lacking faith in the Tathagata's compassionate Vow -
There can be no liberation at all.
Shozomatsu Wasan 12
The ninety-five teachings defile the world.
The path of the Buddha alone is pure.
Only in the attainment of enlightenment exist
The natural workings to benefit those in the burning house.
Shozomatsu Wasan 13
Coming down to the age of the five defilements and its beings,
Whether of the Way or of the world men clash in turmoil,
And when they see those who are held in the Nembutsu,
Fierce suspicions and attacks break forth and seethe.
Shozomatsu Wasan 14
Those who may never attain enlightenment
Persecute followers of the exclusive practice of the Nembutsu;
The result of destroying the teaching of sudden attainment
Is that the vast ocean of birth-and-death persists without end.
Shozomatsu Wasan 15
Though we may believe this age and ourselves to be of
the Right Dharma-age
We are fools bottom-deep in afflicting passions,
And utterly without a mind of purity and truth.
How can we waken aspiration for Enlightenment?
Shozomatsu Wasan 16
The aspiration in the Path of Sages for enlightenment
through self-power
Is beyond our minds and words;
For us, ignorant beings, ever spun in the rush of waves,
How is it possible to awaken such aspiration?
Shozomatsu Wasan 17
In a myriad of ages directly under Buddhas
Numbering three times the sands of the Ganges,
We awakened the great aspiration for enlightenment,
Our self-power insufficient, we have continued in
transmigration.
Shozomatsu Wasan 18
Since the world has entered the Semblance and the Last
Dharma-ages with the five defilements,
The teachings left to us by Shakyamuni have become hidden,
But as Amida's compassionate Vow is spread,
Birth through the Nembutsu flourished.
Shozomatsu Wasan 19
Embracing the peerless beyond the world's understanding,
Choosing and contemplating them for five kalpas,
The Vows of light and life
Became the source of great compassion.
Shozomatsu Wasan 20
The great aspiration for enlightenment in the Pure Land
Gate
Wakens in beings the determination to become
enlightened
Which is to say: the determination to become enlightened
Is the determination to save all sentient beings
Shozomatsu Wasan 21
That which is called the determination to save all sentient
beings
Is the transference of Amida's Wisdom-Vow:
Those who attain faith, this transference,
Realise the great nirvana.
Shozomatsu Wasan 22
Those who take refuge in the Tathagata's transference of
merit
Attain the determination to become enlightened
Cast away merit-transference of self-power:
Their benefiting of other sentient beings transcends all
bounds.
Shozomatsu Wasan 23
Into the waters of the ocean of Amida's Wisdom-Vow
The waters of entrusting to that Other Power flow
completely,
So that, by the nature of the true recompensed land,
Afflicting passion and enlightenment have one taste.
Shozomatsu Wasan 24
All the people with deep faith
In the Tathagata's twofold merit transference,
Because they attain the stage of equal to perfect
enlightenment,
The mindfulness of Amida never weakens.
Shozomatsu Wasan 25
Those people who truly attain faith
Through the merit-transference of Amida's Wisdom-Vow,
Through the working of being embraced and never
forsaken,
Attain the stage of equal to perfect enlightenment.
Shozomatsu Wasan 26
For Bodhisattva Maitreya
Five billion six-hundred seventy million years will pass,
But those attaining true faith
Achieve enlightenment at this time.
Shozomatsu Wasan 27
Those who reach the stage of 'equal to perfect
enlightenment',
By means of the Vow of birth through the nembutsu,
Are equal to Bodhisattva Maitreya
In attaining great nirvana.
Shozomatsu Wasan 28
When, immediately upon the attainment of true faith,
One becomes a member of the rightly determined,
He is equal to Maitreya, the Buddha-to-be,
And will realise supreme enlightenment.
Shozomatsu Wasan 29
Even learned masters of the Semblance Dharma-age
Laid aside the many teachings of self-power:
They entered the gate of the Nembutsu,
Because it corresponds to the times and the nature of
beings.
Shozomatsu Wasan 30
Those pronouncing the revered Name of Amida
And truly attaining faith
Are constantly mindful of Amida
And desire to return in gratitude the Buddha's
benevolence.
Shozomatsu Wasan 31
When beings of this evil world of the five defilements
Have faith in the Selected Primal Vow,
Immeasurable, inexplicable, and inconceivable
Virtue fills the entire existence of these practicers.
Shozomatsu Wasan 32
The Buddha of unimpeded light declared:
In order to benefit sentient beings of the future
I have invested Mahāsthāmaprāpta Bodhisattva with
The Nembutsu of transcendent wisdom.
Shozomatsu Wasan 33
Out of compassion for the beings of the defiled world
Mahasthamaprapta Bodhisattva recommends the
Nembutsu.
Those who have received faith are embraced
And are granted refuge in the Pure Land.
Shozomatsu Wasan 34
Through the compassion of Shakyamuni and Amida
The determination to become enlightened is awakened
in us.
Only by entering the transcendent wisdom of faith,
Can we become one who returns in gratitude the
Buddha's benevolence.
Shozomatsu Wasan 35
Receiving the Nembutsu of transcendent wisdom
Is the work of Dharmakāra’s Vow-power.
Without the transcendent wisdom of faith,
How could we ever realise nirvana?
Shozomatsu Wasan 36
In the long night of ignorance it is the torch:
The wisdom-eye is in darkness, yet do not sorrow.
In the vast sea of birth-and-death it is the raft:
The hindrance of evil karma weights heavy, yet do not
grieve.
Shozomatsu Wasan 37
Because the power of the Vow is without limits,
Even our evil karma, so deep and heavy, is not
burdensome,
Because the Buddha's wisdom is without bounds,
Even the bewildered and wayward are not abandoned.
Shozomatsu Wasan 38
About the Tathagata's making of the Vow:
Without deserting beings in torment
And making it his supreme concern to transfer merit to
them,
He consummated the mind of great compassion
Shozomatsu Wasan 39
Since pronouncing the Name with true faith
Is what is transferred by Amida,
It is called non-transference;
Thus reciting the Nembutsu through self-power is
detested.
Shozomatsu Wasan 40
When, into the ocean of Amida's Wisdom-Vow,
The waters of the good and evil hearts of foolish beings
Have entered, then immediately
They change into the heart of great compassion.
Shozomatsu Wasan 41
The perverse views and distractions of my followers
Given to wrong-doing will flourish,
They will destroy my teaching in the last age.
Thus it was told in the Renge-men-kyo.
Shozomatsu Wasan 42
Sentient beings who slander the Nembutsu
Plunge down into Avīchi hell, and
For eighty-thousand kalpas amidst great torment
Without respite they suffer - thus sutras teach.
Shozomatsu Wasan 43
The proper cause for the true recompensed land
Is given in the words of the two Honoured Ones, and,
Becoming one of the assembly of the rightly determined,
Unfailingly we will attain nirvana.
Shozomatsu Wasan 44
The countless Buddhas in the ten directions
Testify to the Nembutsu and protect its followers;
From their words we must recognize that the great
aspiration for enlightenment
Cannot be accomplished through self-power.
Shozomatsu Wasan 45
The attainment of true faith is rare
In this defiled world of the Last Dharma-age.
From the testimony of Buddhas countless as the sands of
the Ganges
It may be inferred how difficult it is to attain.
Shozomatsu Wasan 46
If we were not to encounter
The merit transference of outgoing and returning,
Our flowing through birth-and-death would be endless.
How should we keep from sinking in the ocean of
suffering?
Shozomatsu Wasan 47
Having faith in the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom,
We are in the assembly of the rightly determined.
We, who are to attain the apparitional birth,
Are given excellent wisdom and will realise the supreme
enlightenment.
Shozomatsu Wasan 48
Having faith in the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom,
Is taught to be the cause to the recompensed land.
Attaining faith, the right cause,
Is the most difficult among the difficult.
Shozomatsu Wasan 49
Casting aside our anguish of transmigrating from the
beginningless past,
To be assured of attaining the supreme nirvana
Is due to the Tathagata's two-fold merit transference.
Realising gratitude for such benevolence is truly
impossible.
Shozomatsu Wasan 50
Followers who are born in the recompensed land are not
numerous;
Practicers born in the transformed land are great in
number.
Because, through self-power, the attainment of
enlightenment is beyond our reach,
We have been transmigrating in samsara since
innumerable kalpas ago.
Shozomatsu Wasan 51
The benign virtue of Namu-Amida-Butsu, Amida's
merit-transference,
Is vast and beyond comprehension,
And in the benefit of the outgoing merit-transference
We are led into the benefit of the returning
merit-transference.
Shozomatsu Wasan 52
Out of the great compassion of outgoing
merit-transference,
The great care of merit-transference of returning is
attained.
If it were not for the Tathagata's merit-transference,
How could we ever attain realisation in the Pure Land?
Shozomatsu Wasan 53
Amida, Kannon, and Dai-seishi,
Sailing on the ship of the great Vow
Upon the sea of birth-and-death,
Call to sentient beings and pull them aboard.
Shozomatsu Wasan 54
In all people with deep faith
In Amida's Vow of great compassion
Whether they be awake or asleep, no matter where or
when,
Namu-Amida-Butsu will naturally be uttered.
Shozomatsu Wasan 55
All the people of the Path of Sages
Depend primarily on the mind of Self-Power.
When they enter completely into the Other Power, which
is beyond comprehension,
They realise that no reasoning is the true reasoning.
Shozomatsu Wasan 56
Although Śākyamuni’s teaching still exists,
Because there are no sentient beings who can practice it,
It is taught: there will be no one
Who can attain enlightenment in the Last Dharma-age.
Shozomatsu Wasan 57
O! Great Pure Land masters of three countries,
Receive and hold us in your pity!
Nurture true faith in us, and
Let us be led into the rightly determined state!
Shozomatsu Wasan 58
People to whom faith of the Other Power is endowed,
Since they are in reverence and in a great joy,
Are praised as 'my good companions'
By the Teacher revered by all the world.
Shozomatsu Wasan 59
The benevolence of the Tathagata's great compassion,
Even if we must crush our bodies, should be returned in
gratitude.
The benevolence of the masters and teachers,
Even if we must break our bones, should be returned in
gratitude.
2. Doubt
Verses 60-82
Shozomatsu Wasan 60
As evidence of not having received the Buddha-wisdom,
Because doubting the Tathagata's five kinds of wisdom.
One believes in the recompense of good and evil and
relies on the fundamental good,
One stops in the border land.
Shozomatsu Wasan 61
Because one doubts the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom,
And prefers to pronounce the Nembutsu through
self-power,
One stops in the border land, the realm of sloth and
complacency:
There is no gratitude for Buddha's benevolence.
Shozomatsu Wasan 62
Those practicers who believe in the efficacy of doing good
and evil
Have doubt in the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom.
They stop in the castle of doubt or the womb-palace,
And so they are separated from the three treasures.
Shozomatsu Wasan 63
Due to the offence of doubting the Buddha's wisdom
One stops in the border land, the realm of sloth
and complacency.
The offence of doubting is so grave,
That he is bound there many years and kalpas.
Shozomatsu Wasan 64
He is like the princes of King Chakravartin,
Who, chastened by the king and
Though bound with golden chains,
Were kept captive in a prison.
Shozomatsu Wasan 65
All those who recite the Name through self-power,
Have no faith in the Primal Vow of the Tathagata;
Because this offence of doubting is so grave,
They are imprisoned in the jail of the seven treasures.
Shozomatsu Wasan 66
Just as those people of faith,
The practicer of self-power with doubting mind
Should also realise the benevolence of the Tathagata's
great compassion,
And be diligent in pronouncing the Nembutsu.
Shozomatsu Wasan 67
Since those who do virtuous deeds through self-power
Doubt the Buddha's wisdom, which is inconceivable,
Due to the karmic inevitability of their acts,
They confine themselves in the prison of the seven
treasures.
Shozomatsu Wasan 68
People, doubting the Buddha's inconceivable wisdom,
Yet relying on the fundamental good and virtue,
Are born in the borderland, the realm of sloth and
complacency,
Where the great love and great compassion are
unattainable.
Shozomatsu Wasan 69
Among those practicers with doubt in the Primal Vow,
There are those who are confined in the lotus bud.
They are abhorred for being born in the border land
Or are shunned for falling into the womb-palace.
Shozomatsu Wasan 70
They doubt the Tathagata's five kinds of wisdom
And do not have trust in them;
Deeply believing in the efficacy of doing good and evil,
They expertly practice the fundamental good.
Shozomatsu Wasan 71
They lack wisdom who are born in the womb-palace.
Because they doubt the Buddha's wisdom.
Their inevitable birth in the womb-palace
Is likened to being confined in a prison.
Shozomatsu Wasan 72
Being born in the palace of the seven treasures
Where they stay for five hundred years,
They are unable to see and hear the three treasures
And cannot provide benefits to sentient beings.
Shozomatsu Wasan 73
In the seven-treasured palace of the borderland,
Staying there for five hundred years,
They are tormented by the varied and numerous hazards,
Due to those conditions they have created themselves.
Shozomatsu Wasan 74
One, deeply believing in the efficacy of doing good and
evil
And practicing the fundamental good,
Is a good person of the doubting mind
Who remains in the provisional, transformed land.
Shozomatsu Wasan 75
Since one has no faith in Amida's Primal Vow,
Though he is born, while retaining his doubt,
His flower will not blossom immediately.
Thus he is likened to being in a womb.
Shozomatsu Wasan 76
There was a time the Bodhisattva Maitreya
Raised a question of the World-Honoured One,
'What causes and conditions are there
For the womb-birth and the apparitional birth being so
labelled?'
Shozomatsu Wasan 77
The Tathagata said to Maitreya,
'While having the mind of doubt,
Those people rely on the practice of the fundamental
good;
Hence they do not go beyond the womb-birth of the
border land.'
Shozomatsu Wasan 78
Due to the offence of doubt in the Buddha-wisdom,
One will be imprisoned for five hundred years;
Thus, warning is given vehemently---
That is what is taught to be womb-birth.
Shozomatsu Wasan 79
Sentient beings doubting the inconceivable
Buddha-wisdom
And believing in the efficacy of doing good and evil
Are destined to be born in the palace.
Such are taught to be as those of the womb-birth.
Shozomatsu Wasan 80
One depending primarily on the mind of self-power
And not relying on the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom,
For five hundred years, upon birth in the womb-palace,
Is to be separated from the compassion of the three
treasures.
Shozomatsu Wasan 81
Doubting the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom,
Believing in the efficacy of doing good and evil,
And practicing the fundamental good, one aspires for the
Pure Land.
This is what is taught to be the womb-birth.
Shozomatsu Wasan 82
The offence of doubting the Buddha-wisdom is grave.
If you come to understand this mind of doubt,
You should hold the mind of repentance as essential
And rely on the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom.
3. Shotoku Taishi
Verses 83-93
Shozomatsu Wasan 83
Through the benevolence of Prince Shotoku
We learn of the Vow of the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom
And enter the assembly of the rightly determined
Like Maitreya, the Buddha-to-be.
Shozomatsu Wasan 84
The great Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, the world saviour,
Manifests himself as Prince Shotoku,
Like a father never forsaking us
And like a mother always accompanying us.
Shozomatsu Wasan 85
From the beginningless past to the present
Prince Shotoku, in his compassion,
Is always with us like a father
And is always there like a mother.
Shozomatsu Wasan 86
Due to the compassion of Prince Shotoku,
We are encouraged to enter
The Vow of the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom
To become one who is settled among the rightly
determined.
Shozomatsu Wasan 87
Those who attain the faith of the Other Power,
In order to repay the Buddha's benevolence,
Should spread the Tathagata's twofold merit-transference
Broadly and extensively throughout the ten directions.
Shozomatsu Wasan 88
Prince Shotoku, the great merciful world saviour,
Is there like a father.
Avalokiteshvara, the great compassionate world saviour,
Is there like a mother.
Shozomatsu Wasan 89
From innumerable kalpas to the present age,
The evidence of his compassion is found
In making us adhere to the inconceivable Buddha-wisdom
Without discriminating between good and evil, pure and
defiled.
Shozomatsu Wasan 90
Prince Shotoku, the Buddhist Master of Japan -
His immense benevolence is difficult to repay.
Take refuge with singleness of heart
And unfalteringly praise him in reverence.
Shozomatsu Wasan 91
The Prince of Jogu, utilising expedient means,
In his compassion for the sentient beings of Japan,
Spread widely the Tathagata's compassionate Vow.
All should rejoicingly praise him in reverence.
Shozomatsu Wasan 92
Through vast kalpas of many births until now
We have been bathing in his compassion:
Incessantly taking refuge with singleness of heart,
We should rejoice in continuously praising him.
Shozomatsu Wasan 93
The compassion of Prince Shotoku,
Incessantly protecting and nurturing,
Encourages us to enter
The Tathagata's twofold merit-transference.
4. Lament
Verses 94-109
Shozomatsu Wasan 94
Although I have taken refuge in the true teaching,
The mind of truth hardly exists in me;
Moreover, I am so falsehearted and untrue
That there cannot be any mind of purity.
Shozomatsu Wasan 95
Each of us shows an outward appearance
Of being wise, good, and diligent,
Possessing so much greed, anger, and wrong views,
We are filled with all kinds of deceit.
Shozomatsu Wasan 96
My evilness is truly difficult to renounce;
The mind is like serpents and scorpions.
Even doing virtuous deeds is tainted with poison,
And so is called false practice.
Shozomatsu Wasan 97
How shameless and unrepentant a person am I
And without a heart of truth and sincerity;
But because the Name is transferred by Amida,
Its virtue pervades the ten directions.
Shozomatsu Wasan 98
Being without even the slightest love or compassion,
How could I hope to benefit sentient beings?
If it were not for the ship of the Tathagata's Vow,
How can the ocean of suffering be crossed?
Shozomatsu Wasan 99
With my mind as deceitful as serpents and scorpions,
I am incapable of accomplishing virtuous deeds of
self-power.
Unless I rely on the Tathagata's merit-transference,
I will end without shame and repentance.
Shozomatsu Wasan 100
A sign that the five defilements flourish,
Is that all of this age, whether of the Way or of the world,
While their outward form accords with Buddhism,
Inwardly revere and practice other teachings.
Shozomatsu Wasan 101
Lamentable is it that people, whether of the Way or of the
world
Choose auspicious times and lucky dates,
Worship heavenly gods and earthly deities,
And are absorbed in divinations and rituals.
Shozomatsu Wasan 102
The titles of 'monk' and 'Dharma-teacher'
Are said to be venerable ones.
But like the five perverted teachings of Devadatta
They are now used for the ignoble.
Shozomatsu Wasan 103
They are no different at heart
From non-Buddhists, the followers of Brahman
and Nigaṇṭha;
They always wear the robes of the Tathagata,
And revere all supernatural beings.
Shozomatsu Wasan 104
Lamentable it is that these days
All in Japan, whether of the Way of the world,
While performing the rites and rituals of Buddhism,
Worship supernatural beings of heaven and earth.
Shozomatsu Wasan 105
A sign of the age of five defilements and perverted evils
Is that the titles of 'monk' and 'dharma teacher'
Are used for slaves and servants, so that
They have become established as lowly titles.
Shozomatsu Wasan 106
Although they are monks in name only and do not adhere
to precepts,
It has become the defiled world of the Last Dharma-age,
So, equally with Shariputra and Maudgalyayana,
We are encouraged to pay homage to and revere them.
Shozomatsu Wasan 107
Defiled karma is from the beginning unformed;
It is formed through delusions and perversions.
Though the nature of mind is pure from the beginning,
There are no people of truth in this world.
Shozomatsu Wasan 108
Cause for lamentation in this world of the Last Dharma
Is the use of Buddhist titles to demonstrate high rank
'Palanquin-bearing-monks' and 'retainer-dharma-teachers'
By Buddhists of the Southern Capital and Northern Peak.
Shozomatsu Wasan 109
A sign of the contempt for the Buddha's teaching
Is that 'monks' and 'nuns' are slaves,
And so the honourable titles of 'Dharma-teacher' or 'monk'
Are used as appellations for help.
5. Zenkoji
Verses 110-116
Shozomatsu Wasan 110 & 111
The Tathagata of Zenkoji
Took pity on us and
Came to the Bay of Naniwa
Where Moriya, to whom even its name was unknown,
Called it, at that time, 'the fever' -- hotoorike.
Saying it was likely the cause of the plague,
All the followers of Moriya together
Called it 'hotoorike'.
Shozomatsu Wasan 112
In order to spread it easily
Moriya called it 'hotoke'
So that all non-Buddhists of those days
Came to call the Tathagata 'hotoke'.
Shozomatsu Wasan 113
All the followers of the Buddha's teaching in this age,
Based upon Moriya's words,
And on the strength of his usage of 'hotoke',
Hold 'monks' and 'Dharma-teachers' in contempt.
Shozomatsu Wasan 114
The Minister Moriya of Yuge,
Because of his boundless false views,
In order to urge all people,
Called the Buddha simply 'hotoke'.
Shozomatsu Wasan 115
While people ignorant of the words 'good' and 'bad'
Are all of true heart,
My acting as though I knew 'good' and 'bad'
Is a manifestation of total falsity.
Shozomatsu Wasan 116
I do not know right from wrong
Nor am I able to distinguish from falsity;
Though I lack even a morsel of mercy and compassion,
For name and fortune, I desire to be a teacher of others.
This is the final wasan