Like most of the Himalayan region, the valley called Nepal was a frontier zone until the modern state’s creation in 1769. The area absorbed and interpreted Indic cultural influences from the south and, later, from the Tibetan region to the north. This article will discuss the history of the early Indic traditions in the Kathmandu valley, the Tibetan Buddhist lineages, the Newar-supported Mahāyāna traditions, and