Buddha’s first sermon was the teaching of the Four Noble Truths, the summary of all Buddha teachings, experienced by Buddha himself.The short summary of all Buddhist teachings was given by Buddha Shakyamuni, the great and venerable teacher himself, soon after his Enlightenment in the place near Sarnath in India, known also as Jetavana or Deer Park. This event is known as the First Turning of

Hundred years after Buddha passed away, the first serious disagreements arouse between monks about the actual words of Buddha, and it was decided to hold the Second Buddhist Council. The main discussion objects in councils were Vinaya rules. Nowadays scholars believe the group known as Sthavira (Elders) wanted to tighten monastic discipline even more as it was given by Buddha himself and add more rules.

Buddhism philosophy states that all beings have the Buddha nature. But not all beings are able to reach Buddhahood, enlightenment. To reach enlightenment one has to have a beneficial human body. It is the basis to reach enlightenment. There are many other beings like hungry ghosts and hell beings that are not able to reach enlightenment and many humans in unbeneficial circumstances as well. There

Stūpas are the famous Buddhist sacral buildings, places of pilgrimage and the high reverence in the Buddhist world since the ancient times. They are containing relics of Buddha Śākyamuni, those of other Enlightened Buddhas, powerful Buddhist scriptures, mantras and jewels. Each element of these structures holds a symbolic meaning and has received appropriate consecrations from high Buddhist teachers. Aśoka started to build thousands of Stūpas

As we were talking in the first introduction into Dharma theory, the basic Buddhist terminology was introduced by the Theravada or so called Hinayana tradition of Buddhism.And without the knowledge of the basics we cannot move on to the understanding of other concepts and traditions of the Buddhism.

Dharma probably is the most significant term that we should understand, when we want to understand the Buddhist philosophy. You probably have seen statements like: - “Buddha dharma”, - “go for a refuge to Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha”, - or if you love to read books, you may find that “all dharmas are empty”. All Buddhist schools of thought classify according to views on Dharmas.